The Japanese government has revised its long-standing rules on arms exports, allowing the sale of domestically produced defense equipment abroad. However, the decision comes with some limitations.
Details
On April 21, Japan introduced a major revision of its defense export rules – the most significant change in the past decade, Reuters reports. The country lifted restrictions on selling weapons overseas and now allows the export of military ships, missiles, and other equipment.
The main goal is to strengthen Japan’s defense-industrial base. At the same time, this move signals a shift away from the pacifist principles that shaped its postwar security policy. Japan made this decision amid growing cooperation with other Asian countries, aiming to counter China’s increasing regional influence.
Meanwhile, the Russian war against Ukraine, as well as the war in the Middle East, has put pressure on U.S. weapons production. As a result, new opportunities have opened up for Japan. In addition, U.S. allies in both Europe and Asia are looking to diversify their suppliers. Washington’s security commitments have also appeared less stable due to Donald Trump’s policies.
“No single country can now protect its own peace and security alone, and partner countries that support each other in terms of defence equipment are necessary,” said Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi.
However, China strongly criticized Japan’s decision. Guo Jiakun, a spokesperson for China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, stated that Beijing is concerned and will remain vigilant. He added that China would oppose what it sees as reckless steps toward a new form of militarism.
Relations between Japan and China have remained tense, especially since Takaichi stated in November that a potential Chinese attack on Taiwan could trigger a military response.
What Has Changed
The Japanese government has also abolished the previous five-category system for defense exports. Earlier, exports were limited to rescue, transport, warning, surveillance and mine-sweeping equipment. Now, authorities will review each deal individually.
At the same time, Japan will supply weapons only to countries that have formal defense agreements with Tokyo. It will not export arms to states currently involved in active conflicts. Still, the government left room for exceptions, particularly in cases related to national security interests. According to Reuters, several countries are already considering purchasing Japanese weapons. Among them are Poland and the Philippines.
Earlier, The Ukrainian Review reported that President Volodymyr Zelenskyy stated Ukraine is ready to export weapons, but only after meeting its own defense needs. He emphasized that priority will go to countries that provide the most support to Ukraine during the war.
